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NuSTAR (the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array) is a space-based X-ray telescope that will use a Wolter telescope, a telescope for X-rays using only grazing incidence optics. It is to focus high energy X-rays from astrophysical sources; astrophysics is the branch of astronomy that deals with the physics of the universe, including the physical properties of celestial objects, as well as their interactions and behavior.
NuSTAR is especially used for nuclear spectroscopy, the quantitative study of the energy spectra of gamma-ray sources, both nuclear laboratory geochemical, and astrophysical, and will operate in the range of 5 to 80 keV; in physics, the electron volt is a unit of energy equal to approximately 1.602x10-19 joule (J).
It is the eleventh mission of the NASA Small Explorer satellite program (SMEX-11), an effort to fund space exploration missions that cost no more than $120 million by NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration), the agency of the United States government that is responsible for the nation’s civilian space program and for aeronautics and aerospace research. It is the first space-based direct-imaging X-ray telescope (XRT), a telescope that is designed to observe remote objects in the X-ray spectrum, at energies beyond those of the Chandra X-ray Observatory, a space telescope launched in STS-93 by NASA on July 23, 1999, and XMM-Newton (X-ray Multi-Mirror Mission-Newton), an orbiting observatory launched by ESA in December 1999 on an Ariane 5 rocket. It was successfully launched on June 13, 2012, having previously been delayed from March 21 due to software issues with the launch vehicle.
Its primary scientific goals are to conduct a deep survey for black holes a billion times more massive than the sun, understand how particles are accelerated to within a fraction of a percent below the speed of light oin active galaxies—active galactic nucleus (AGN) is a compact region at the centre of a galaxy that has a much higher than normal luminosity over at least some portion, and possibly all, of the electromagnetic spectrum—and understand how the elements are created in the explosions of massive stars by imaging the remains, which are called supernova remnants (SNR), the structure resulting from the explosion of a star in a supernova.
